Friday we discussed one end of the spectrum when it comes to planning a novel (or any other type of writing for that matter) - The Pantser who "writes by the seat of his or her pants" without doing much in the way of planning. At the other end of the spectrum (and it is a spectrum not just three distinct ways of doing things) is the Plotter.
If you take just about any novel writing class offered (with the exception of mine) this will be the one and only method presented. The arguments are compelling. Having a clear detailed outline before you begin to write will keep you on track and reduce the need for as many revisions later on. Also, since you have the plot laid out in advance, you won't find yourself saying, "So where do I go from here?" Likewise you can spot the holes in your plot early and correct them before you begin to write. Also, it gives the student an exercise you can grade. :-)
Seriously, many people feel much more comfortable with a detailed plot laid out in advance. They do not feel it reduces their creativity, because the creative effort goes into creating the plot outline. They do, indeed, find it easier to write when they have a clear plot in front of them. They may even write faster and probably do have less to do when they begin editing.
And, savvy plotters know that plots are written on paper and not chiseled in stone. They can be changed if in the midst of writing they get some new ideas.
Methods of Plotting
If you feel that you would prefer to work from a complete plot rather than make it up as you go along, here are a few good ways to create a plot outline. Remember, these are not the only methods. You can use any of them or none of them. Combine them or ignore them and create your own. However, these may give you some ideas for creating your own plot outline.
Page Per Time Unit. Dick Perry in his book
One Way to Write Your Novel
puts forth a fairly simple method of detailed plotting. His method
works like this. You get a three ring binder. You put in one page and
write on it what happens right as the curtain rises on the story. Then
put in another page one write a one sentence description of what happens
at the end of the story. For instance, in my book
Dark Side of the Moon, that would look like this:
Opening: Carolyn is waiting in the spaceport to go to the moon to take a job as a history professor at Armstong University.
End: Mike declares his love for Carolyn after they have revealed the identity of the killer.
Now,
using this method, you figure out the time from the first scene to the
last. In the above example that would be 12 months or 52 weeks. I could
choose either interval, but I'm going to choose the 52 weeks.
You
then put a page in your binder for each unit of time. On those pages
you jot down your notes as to what happens during that
week/month/day/hour. What characters are involved? What challenges do
they face? How do they resolve those challenges? How does the main plot
and each of the subplots advance during that time frame? Once you finish
writing those notes, you have a detailed plot outline.
Scene-by-Scene This method thinks about the novel like a play. Consider a three-act
play. In act 1 we met the characters and the main character encounters a
problem. In act 2 the character struggles to understand and confront
the problem. In act three the character confronts and solves the problem
(or fails to do so in a tragedy). Each act has a number of scenes which
lead up to the next act.
Of course, you can't directly equate a
novel with a play. Novels are more complex involve more subplots and
secondary plots and more detours than plays do. However, novels do take
place one scene at a time. The scene-by-scene approach recognizes this
and builds a planning model around the scenes. Most of these models
create either a page in a notebook or a file on your computer for each
scene in your novel. In general this is done sequentially in the order
in which you expect them to appear. There are two ways to do this.
First, you can take an overview followed by filling in the details. In
other words, create a file for each scene with just a minimum amount of
information. For instance:
Mike and Carolyn have dinner with Jason and a few others and offers his museum to the University.
The
other method is to plan out each scene thoroughly before going on to
the next.
Either
way, the idea is that before you set down to write, you have each scene
planned out.
File Card Method Both of the previous methods had one thing in common. They encourage the
author to plan a novel sequentially from beginning to end. However,
many of us have minds that work differently. We jump around in our
thoughts. So, I'm working on the first scene of the novel and suddenly I
get an idea for a scene 75 pages later. I say, okay, that's another 20
scenes, I'll write down when I get there. And what happens is we forget
all about it.
The File Card Method is similar in many ways to
the scene-by-scene method. However, it differs from that method by
encouraging you to let your mind wander if it wants. You grab a bunch of
file cards. On one you write a short description of your opening scene
(it could even be tentative). On another write a description of the last
scene. Keep this short. A sentence or even phrase would would adequate.
For instance: "Arrive at the crime scene" and "Reveal the Killer" would
be fine. You will come back later and fill in the details.
You
make a card for every scene in the novel. If you have a lot of ideas
about that scene, jot them down. You can even plan out the whole scene
on the card (You might get 4x6 or 5X8 cards). But if an idea comes for
another scene, grab a card and jot down the idea. Likewise, if you
really don't feel much like planning the proposal scene right now or
maybe you need more research before your main character has that
discussion with the medical examiner, you can skip over them.
You
might have an idea for a scene to come somewhere in the story, but you
don't know where. You can jot down the idea and maybe when you get some
context, placement will become obvious.
Try not to edit yourself
too much at this stage. If you have an idea for a scene where your
character watches kids on a playground and remembers her own troubled
childhood, but aren't sure you would want it in the final cut, jot the
basics on a card and come back to it later.
Once you have all
the scenes you can think of jotted down either as short sentances or as
complete outlines, think about organizing them.
First, go
through the cards you have and eliminate any that don't really belong in
the story. Then look at the remaining scenes and ask one question:
"Which scene logically comes first?" Lay that card face down on the
table. Then ask which scene follows that one? Continue to ask that
question until you have your cards organized. Leaf back through the
cards. Are there any scenes missing? If so, pull out a card jot down a
couple of notes and put it the stack where it belongs.
Visualization Method. Some plotters view themselves as pantsers because they don't write down their plot outlines. However, they often have very detailed storylines visualized in their minds. Of course, there is not "technique" involved. It is merely a matter of thinking about your story long enough that you have down the whole plot in your mind before you start writing.
Storyboard Method. For very visual writer, you can create a detailed plot outline by taking the scene-by-scene method and creating a storyboard with sketches of each scene and notes about what is happening. This is especially good for action-adventure type writing.
There are five methods plotters can use. Tomorrow, we will look at the Explorer.
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